Atomic clusters, consisting of a few to a few thousand atoms, have emerged over the past 40 years as the ultimate nanoparticles. Some of these clusters form stable units with atomically precise structures that give rise to collective behaviors that mimic those of traditional atoms, essentially functioning as ‘superatoms’^{[1, 2]}. The ultimate vision is to create materials with tailored and tuneable functions through the judicious design, synthesis and assembly of superatoms. The use of superatoms as building blocks for materials offers opportunities to design materials with tailored functionalities^{[3, 4]}.

However, the reinforcing chemical interaction between atoms (chemical bond)^{[5, 6]}is the main factor that leads to the unstable structure of atomic crystal through the replacement of elements, and the weakening of such interaction is likely to overcome this difficulty. In the superatomic crystal materials with atomic clusters as the basic building unit, the surface saturated atomic clusters can be combined by non-covalent interactions such as weak atom identification, electrostatic interaction^[7] and hydrogen bonding^[8]. It has the potential to maintain structural stability in the regulation of electronic structural properties through continuous cluster (element) replacement, and is also more in line with the needs of large-scale material preparation, with some characteristics of atomic fabrication.